Erythritol, a popular sweetener used in sodas, protein bars and even toothpaste, may negatively affect blood vessels in the brain and increase the risk of stroke, according to a study published in Earth by scientists at the University of Colorado Boulder.
Researchers led by Professor Christopher DeSouza studied how erythritol affects the cells lining the brain's blood vessels over a three-hour period. These cells are responsible for regulating blood flow, controlling inflammation and preventing blood clots.
Even small amounts of erythritol have been shown to disrupt the enzyme responsible for producing nitric oxide, a key substance that helps blood vessels dilate. Lower levels of nitric oxide lead to narrowing of blood vessels and reduced blood flow.
In addition, under the influence of the sweetener, the cells began to produce more endothelin-1, a protein that signals the blood vessels to constrict further. Thus, under the influence of erythritol, blood vessels first lose their ability to dilate, and then receive signals to constrict even more.
These processes can increase the risk of stroke and other vascular diseases of the brain, scientists warn. They recommend caution when using products with added erythritol, especially for people with vascular problems.
