Blood pressure is a key indicator of the health of the cardiovascular system. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and has two values: systolic (during cardiac contraction) and diastolic (in the phase of its relaxation). The norm is the pressure of 120/80 mm Hg. but as an increase and a decrease in these indicators can be threatening.
High pressure: a quiet threat
Hypertension is a condition at which blood pressure rises to 140/90 mm Hg. Art. and above. This can happen as a result of diseases (hearts, kidneys, endocrine system), and through lifestyle: excessive consumption of salt, alcohol, smoking, lack of physical activity, age, stress.
The insidiousness of hypertension lies in its asymptomatic course. A person may not feel any changes until a hypertensive crisis, stroke or heart attack occurs. In some cases, hypertension is manifested by dizziness, headache, weakness, bleeding from the nose or fuzzy vision. Without treatment, this condition can lead to disability or death.
Low pressure: not so safe
Hypotension is considered pressure below 90/60 mm Hg. Art. Although sometimes it can be an individual norm, especially in young and thin people, in many cases it is a signal about the problem in the body.
The causes of hypotension may be dehydration, pregnancy, heart disease, significant blood loss, infections, endocrine disorders, deficiency of vitamins and trace elements, as well as taking certain drugs.
Symptoms of hypotension include dizziness, weakness, nausea, reduced concentration, blurred vision and even fainting. This condition is especially dangerous in the elderly, as it can cause falls and serious injuries, and in some cases shock or stroke.
Control of blood pressure is an integral part of health care. If you regularly feel symptoms or have pressure outside the normal, it is important to consult your doctor. Both hypertension and hypotension are able to spoil the quality of life and even jeopardize it. Timely diagnosis and lifestyle correction is the first step to prevent serious complications.
