The World Bank, the European Commission and the United Nations have revised forecasts for the total cost of reconstruction and recovery of Ukraine, increasing it to $486 billion over the next decade. This figure exceeds the previous estimate of $411 billion.
According to the latest report, two years after the start of the conflict, as of December 31, 2023, direct losses reached almost $152 billion (compared to a previous estimate of $138 billion). The housing sector, transport, trade and industry, as well as agriculture and energy suffered the most losses. These losses are most significantly felt in the Donetsk, Kharkiv, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson and Kyiv regions. 
Total economic losses associated with the disruption of economic flows and production, as well as additional costs due to the war, are estimated at 499 billion dollars. Among the sectors most affected are trade and industry (more than $173 billion or 35% of total losses), agriculture (almost $70 billion or 14%), energy and extractive industries ($54 billion or 11%), transport (almost $41 billion or 8%) and explosives management (almost $35 billion or 7%).
About 5% of the total losses fall on the environment, the main reason being the breach of the Kakhovka Dam and the loss of ecosystem services. It should be noted separately that the volume of loans in the banking and financial sector is estimated at 5.7 billion dollars. 
At the end of 2023, estimates of the needs for recovery and reconstruction of Ukraine after the Russian invasion amount to almost 486 billion dollars over the next ten years. These needs include the most important measures for short-term recovery and medium-term reconstruction. 
It will be recalled that in March 2023, the World Bank estimated Ukraine's recovery needs due to the Russian invasion at $411 billion. This amount is up from a previous estimate of $349 billion, which was published in September 2022.
It is worth noting that the Prime Minister of Ukraine Denys Shmyhal stated that the estimate of $411 billion does not take into account the losses in the temporarily occupied territories.
