Dietary restrictions — whether forced or a conscious choice — can significantly affect not only a person's physical well-being, but also their psychological state. Controlling food, giving up familiar foods, or strict dietary rules can change emotions, behavioral reactions, and even self-esteem. Together with clinical psychologist Marie Ro, experts explain in which cases dietary restrictions become dangerous for the psyche and what signals you should pay attention to.
The impact of food on emotions is easy to notice in everyday life. Severe hunger is often accompanied by irritability, decreased concentration, and sudden mood swings. This is a clear example of how a lack of food or nutrients affects the functioning of the brain. The body constantly uses what we eat as a source of energy and building material for cells, including nerve cells.
One of the key mechanisms of interaction between nutrition and psyche is the “gut-brain” axis. The intestinal microbiome produces molecules that affect not only digestion, but also the immune system and the activity of nerve cells. Disruption of the balance of microflora, which can occur due to diseases, excessive consumption of processed foods or taking certain medications, according to research, increases the risk of developing anxiety and depressive states.
The brain needs a regular supply of amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, B vitamins, and antioxidants to synthesize neurotransmitters—serotonin, dopamine, and other substances responsible for motivation, mood, and a sense of stability. When a diet is poor in these components and is based on so-called empty calories, the nervous system operates in a constant deficit. This makes a person more vulnerable to stress, emotional burnout, and mood swings.
Experts emphasize that a varied and flexible diet helps maintain psychological balance. Adding fiber, vegetables, legumes, and fermented foods to the daily menu helps increase the diversity of beneficial bacteria in the gut and reduce inflammation in the body. In the long term, this is associated with better stress resistance, clearer thinking, and a more stable emotional state.
Experts emphasize that dietary restrictions should not become a source of constant stress, guilt, or fear. If food control begins to negatively affect mood, cause anxiety, or breakdowns, this is a signal to reconsider your approach to nutrition and, if necessary, consult a specialist.
